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SteveERA was significantly lower in the deadball era due to lack of homeruns. All earned runs had to be manufactured.
Earned runs are runs that a pitcher allows w/o the benifit of errors and passed balls and in some case interference calls.
Lets say that the pitcher has 2 outs and the batter reaches on an error. The next 10 guys could all hit home runs and all those runs are Un earned.
The pitcher would have been out of the inning.
Steve