A lot of great suggestions so far.
A couple more for the list:
Jim McCormick won 265 games, had a career ERA+ of 118, but was never on a ballot. I think he also has the highest bWAR (76.2) of anyone not in the HOF that wasn't disqualified for scandal or is associated with steroids.
Tony Mullane won 284 games, and had a career ERA+ of 117, but never received a vote. On the negative side, Mullane has the record for wild pitches with 343.
Charlie Buffinton won 233 games to only 152 losses, and had a career ERA+ of 115, but was never on a ballot.
Ed Konetchy has never appeared on a ballot. He had a career OPS+ of 123 and is 13th all-time for career triples.
The best
Bob Elliot ever did was 4 votes. Elliot was a 6x All Star and won an MVP.
Willie Davis
was never even on a Hall of Fame ballot somehow, despite putting together a nice career with over 60 bWAR.