I collect recurring print defects as well as cards that are true variations resulting from an intentional change in the card by the manufacturer. In a great many cases I think it is impossible to ever know if a recurring print defect was a temporary defect that resolved without intervention or was remedied. And the hobby itself has clearly in the past adopted several unintentional print defects as “variations”
Mostly the way I collect it does not matter, but as an ungraded collector if I was trying to hold the line I would include in a master set any variant listed by SCD, Beckett or PSA in their master checklists, because for good or bad those cards have been adopted by the hobby as variations. If I was a graded collector I would stick with the PSA master/super lists
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