Quote:
Originally Posted by Aquarian Sports Cards
Just because there was confusion between the two parties involved on the selling end doesn't absolve them of their responsibility to disclose. It may muddy the waters as to who is more culpable, but fraud has still occurred.
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I totally agree, and I think the overwhelming number of verified instances that have been uncovered so far is what makes it a clear crime.
It sounds like the answer to my original question, which you've stated concisely above, basically comes down to something like links on a chain. If the Doctor discloses the alteration, he's off the hook (and presumably he receives less for the card when he sells because of that honest disclosure.) If the next guy also discloses the alteration, as told to him by the Doctor, he, likewise, is off the hook. And so on down the road, until someone decides to maximize his profit by not disclosing the alteration. That person, then, is guilty of misrepresenting an altered card as unaltered.
Muddy waters, indeed.